ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of Xuebijing injection （XBJ） on sodium taurocholate （Na-Tc）-induced severe acute pancreatitis （SAP） in rats. MethodForty rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups： sham operation group， SAP model group， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （4， 8， 12 mL·kg·d-1， respectively） XBJ groups. SAP model was established by retrograde injection of Na-Tc （1 mL·kg-1） into the biliary and pancreatic ducts. XBJ was injected intraperitoneally 3 days before and 0.5 h after modeling. The ascitic fluid volume and the pancreas weight-to-body weight ratio were measured. The pathological changes of pancreatic tissue were observed via hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The protein levels of formyl peptide receptor 1 （FPR1） and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） in pancreatic tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chains 1-6 （MT-ND1， MT-ND2， MT-ND3， MT-ND4， MT-ND5， and MT-ND6） in rat plasma. ResultCompared with sham operation group， the SAP model group showcased increased ascitic fluid volume and pancreas weight-to-body weight ratio （P<0.05）， serious lesions in pancreatic tissue， increased total pathological score （P<0.05）， and up-regulated protein levels of FPR1 and NLRP3 in pancreatic tissue （P<0.05）. The model group had lower MT-ND2 level （P<0.05） and higher MT-ND1， MT-ND3， and MT-ND6 levels in plasma （P<0.05） than the sham operation group， while MT-ND4 and MT-ND5 had no significant differences between the two groups. Compared with SAP model group， the XBJ treatment decreased ascitic fluid volume and pancreas weight-to-body weight ratio （P<0.01）， ameliorated pancreatic lesions， and down-regulated the protein levels of FPR1 and NLRP3 in pancreatic tissue （P<0.01）. The treatments， especially high-dose XBJ （P<0.01）， down-regulated the expression of MT-ND1 （P<0.01）， MT-ND3 （P<0.01）， MT-ND6 （P<0.01）， and MT-ND4 and did not change that of MT-ND5. ConclusionXBJ may antagonize partial mitochondrial N-formyl peptides and excessive inflammatory response mediated by FPR1/NLRP3 to treat SAP in rats.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the lipids level in Kazakan individuals over 30-year-old in Fukang area of Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Random cluster multistage sampling method were performed to select the subjects, and 991 individuals aged older than 30 from Fukang of Xinjiang were included. The plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), plasma glucose and insulin were measured. Related adverse cardiovascular risk factors were discussed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean plasma TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C of Kazakan residents over 30-year-old in Fukang of Xinjiang were (5.05 ± 1.07), (1.10 ± 0.66), (1.46 ± 0.38) and (3.06 ± 0.84) mmol/L, respectively. TC, TG and LDL-C levels in male subjects were higher than those in females (male vs female: TC: (5.19 ± 1.05) mmol/L vs (4.94 ± 1.07) mmol/L, t = 3.57, P < 0.01; TG: (1.32 ± 0.80) mmol/L vs (0.94 ± 0.46) mmol/L, t = 8.63, P < 0.01; LDL-C: (3.30 ± 0.85) mmol/L vs (2.88 ± 0.79) mmol/L, t = 8.06, P < 0.01). While the HDL-C level in male subjects was lower than that of female (male vs female: (1.32 ± 0.33) mmol/L vs (1.57 ± 0.38) mmol/L, t = 11.48, P < 0.01). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 28.3% (280/991) in the overall populations. In the overall populations, the prevalence of hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia and low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterolemia were 12.6% (125/991), 6.6% (65/991), 11.0% (109/991) and 10.1% (100/991), respectively. The prevalence of individuals with borderline-high TC, TG and LDL-C were 27.0% (268/991), 7.6% (75/991) and 20.5% (203/991), respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 40.0% (172/430) in male populations. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in group aged 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50 - 59, 60 and above were 26.2% (78/298), 26.0% (91/350), 31.2% (73/234) and 34.9% (38/109), respectively, the trend of prevalence was significant by trend test for groups comparison (χ(2) = 3.94, P < 0.05). Adjusting for age and gender, TG was positively correlated with waist circumference, abdominal circumference and BMI, the partial relation coefficients were 0.368 (P < 0.01), 0.336 (P < 0.01) and 0.331 (P < 0.01), respectively, and HDL-C was negatively correlated with waist circumference, abdominal circumference and BMI, the partial relation coefficients were -0.340 (P < 0.01), -0.339 (P < 0.01) and -0.321 (P < 0.01), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The lipid levels of Kazakan residents from Fukang area are high and are characterized by hypercholesteremia and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and more attention of the prevention of dyslipidemia in this populations should be paid to males, border-line abnormal and those aged over 60-year old.</p>